Only
a few steps behind the Cathedral the church and monastery of St. John
the Evangelist lay since 10th century (980), completely rebuilt at
the beginning of 1500. Inside the church we find notable pictorial
works, among them the dome with the death of St. John, frescoed by
Correggio in 1520-21 and some frescoes by Parmigianino (Francesco
Mazzola) in the intrados of three lateral chapels.
In the Benedictine monastery the cloisters and the Library are apen
to public. The Historical Apothecary (now a State Museum) is
worth a visit.
Notable
traces of Parmigianino can be seen in the church of Santa Maria della
Steccata whose most important treasure is represented by the fresco
cycle of the arch above the presbytery, painted by Mazzola in
1530-39. It depicts the parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins.
The main altar contains the medieval fresco of the Madonna Suckling
the Child, whose original location in a courtyard protected by a
wooden fence (steccato) gave the name to the church.
The
first work of Correggio in Parma is the frescoe in the Benedictine Convent
of St. Paul: he painted the umbrella vault of the dining room
in the abbess' apartment in 1518. This work is considered one of the
highest examples of Italian High Renaissance art. Correggio
created the illusion of a pergola with festoons of fruit held up by
ribbons. In the center of the dome are the armorial bearings of Abbess
Giovanna. On the fireplace Diana on a Chariot, preparing for the
hunt, allegory of the Abbess who struggled against the civil and the
religious authorities in order to keep her convent independent as it was
since medieval times.
On
the western side of the Parma river there's the so called
Oltretorrente area with the church and monastery of the Santissima
Annunziata. It was built in 1566 by Giambattista Fornovo. The plan
of the church is curious, experimental for those times with elements
that will be used by the great masters of the Barocco art. The stucco
works and the decorations of the interior are by Luca Reti (beginning of
17th century). The organ is a work of Giuseppe Serassi.
The cloister, the refectory, the library and the
chapterhouse are open to tourists. The chapterhouse houses
objects, pictures and documents related to Lino Maupas, a Franciscan who
lived at the turn of 18th century.
|